Potencjał węglowodorowy skał macierzystych i modelowanie generowania i ekspulsji węglowodorów wybranych obszarów Polski

A study of generation and expulsion processes as well as origin of hydrocarbons in the Polish part of the Carpathian province cover the flysch strata, Miocene strata of the Carpathian Foredeep and Paleozoic - Mesozoic basement. The highest hydrocarbon potential within Skole unit represent Menilite and Spas beds, and Silesian unit Menilite and Vefovice beds. The generation of thermogenic hydrocarbons from Menilite beds took place only in the initial phase at the sedimentation stage. This process did not occur at the orogcnic and post-orogenic stages. In the autochthonous Miocene strata of the Carpathian Foredeep, gas-prone type III kerogen with a rare admixture of algal type II kerogen, occur. The generation of microbial methane and formation of multihorizontal traps within the autochthonous Miocene strata favoured the rhytmic and cyclic deposition of clays and sands and a high rate of their sedimentation. Gaseous hydrocarbons accumulated within Paleozoic-Mesozoic basement of the Flysch Carpathians and Carpathian Foredeep were generated during microbial process and a few phases (at least two) of the thermogenic process. The Middle Jurassic mudstone-claystone strata may additionally be the source rock for this oil. Oil accumulated within the Lower Carboniferous carbonates in Nosówka deposit belong to a separate genetic family which was probably generated from the organic matter (type II kerogen) dispersed in the Ordovician strata. Detailed geochemical studies of oils and rocks in the Lublin area showed that both in the Carboniferous and Devonian strata both gas-prone and oil-prone source rocks exist.