PROBLÉM OSOBY VE FILOZOFII JÓZEFA TISCHNERA (SETKÁNÍ SLOVANSKÉ TRADICE S TRADICÍ ZÁPADNÍ FILOZOFIE)

The main aim of the article is to discuss the philosophical problem of man in works of Józef Tischner, who was a Polish Catholic priest, a theologian and a philosopher. His philosophy follows the Slavonic philosophical tradition of his professor Roman Ingarden. He was also the author of many philosophical books, which interconnect Slavonic philosophy with Western philosophical tradition. Most of them have been dedicated to the problem of ethics and axiology. He developed Levinas’ idea that ethics must become the first philosophy ever. For many reasons, he thought ethics must predate ontology. Firstly, this idea was inspired by a traumatic experience with the Holocaust during the Second World War. Secondly, he believed that every epistemological experience is at the same time an axiological experience. They represent a different way of expressing the same experience with the nature of the world. The meaning of axiology lies in the fact that the axiological experience is the experience of a particular person, that is, a person.