Cofnięcie pozwu (bez zrzeczenia się roszczenia) przez współuczestnika w postępowaniu o wyłączenie wspólnika ze spółki z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością

The institution of expulsion of a partner of a limited liability company under Art. 266 of the Code of Commercial Companies is a substantive law construction. However, it causes very interesting consequences in the sphere of formal law, since a joint and imperative co-participation are realised in it, which occurs very rarely in law. A withdrawal of an action by a joint and imperative co-participant is even rarer. It seems prima facie that the procedural law provisions stipulate that an effective declaration of a withdrawal of an action (without waiving the claim) in proceedings regarding expulsion of a partner from a limited liability company does not require a consent of the other co-participants of the claiming party. However, a proper legal interpretation, together with an analysis of work of the legal doctrine representatives and of the jurisprudence, causes the above thesis to be untenable. There is no doubt that a specific entity acting on a given party to the suit is rarely an independent “ruler of the proceedings”, a peculiar “solitaire island”. Those restrictions in an autonomous decision making of a party frequently occur within co-participation. Therefore, one should – with all firmness – propose a thesis that joint and imperative co-participant, who plans to withdraw a claim during proceedings which regard expulsion of a shareholder of a limited liability company, without waiving a claim, shall obtain a consent of other joint and imperative co-participants for effectiveness of such a declaration. The claim of ineffectiveness of such a disposing action raised by the other equal and imperative co-participants shall not be questioned by a co-participant, who has allegedly taken such an action effectively, due to ignorance of the law in accordance with the Latin principle ignorantia iuris nocet, although – beyond any doubt – procedural co-participation is a difficult issue. However, that circumstance is irrelevant from the legal standpoint.