The bodily expression of negation in Polish

The aim of this paper is to examine the bodily expressions of negation in Polish with the use of both audiovisual and syntactic material. The concept of NOT expresses many different degrees of rejection in such areas as belief (I don't know, I doubt), judgment (bad), emotion (I don't want) and action (I don't do). We have found a whole range of reactions reflecting negation, including movements of the head, arms, and hands, facial expressions, intonation, and proxemic communication. Multimodal illustrations point to both the polymorphism of the act of negating, and the embodied sources of negation.