EUROPEAN OTHERNESSES (Yevropeiski inshosti).

The author proposes to consider Europe rather from the viewpoint of its cultural and political othernesses than from the viewpoint of its cultural and political identity; i.e. to analyze a network of relations upheld by the European nations between themselves, constituted on the basis of their opposition and identification with other nations and upheld by Europe as a whole with those which are not Europe. The paper outlines the trends of studying the European othernesses in two determining, in the author's opinion, fields: the linguistic one - a field of national languages and their inter-relations and the historical one - a field of the national histories and their interrelations, which are implemented by the author in his book of the same title.