HUMAN RIGHT AS A SECULAR TRANSCENDENCE

The authoress discusses a problem of human rights in the context of Kantian's ethical formalism and Socrates' ethical intellectualism. She refers to Girard's interpretation of Hiob's story according to which this biblical hero is a victim of so called collective mimetism, connected with a totalitarian situation or society created by a soul of crowd. On the contrary to this totalitarian type of community human rights have their origins in the conscience of individual, in reason or a subject. According to her interpretation they mediate between external and internal sphere, between legal and moral sphere (Kant) and also between 'loi' and 'droit' (S.Weil). In this way they give a possibility to establish a really just law which - thanks to the mediation done in a conscience of individual - includes an element of transcendence and rationality, so it isn't a blind force which could destroy an individual. For the authoress Socrates is an adherent of such kind of reflexive attitude - and thanks to his moral autonomy - is also a patron of human rights discours at all.