The Implementation of Low Emission Zones in Low-Income Countries: A Case Study

This paper provides a fuzzy logic approach with multi-stakeholder decision support to evaluate and rank different strategies as well as policies that may have a direct impact on the implementation of low emission zones in low income and developing countries. The multi decision-making analysis, which was performed using the Delphi method and fuzzy logic and applied on the city of Amman, suggested that promoting and investing in last-mile delivery solutions, such as electric vehicles and cargo bikes has the highest impact on implementing low emission zones in Amman and this strategy could increase the sustainability. According to local decision makers, encouraging and investing in last-mile delivery alternatives, such as EVs and cargo bikes, has the most impact on adopting LEZ in Amman’s inner city.