The influence of molar extraction in mandible on the bone remodeling process under different chewing conditions

The aim of this study is to analyze the process of remodeling the mandibular bone in the context of functional adaptation after tooth extraction. The mandible, as a bone structure, undergoes continuous remodeling, allowing it to adapt to changing mechanical conditions. After tooth loss, significant changes occur in the distribution of loading, which can lead to bone resorption in areas with reduced mechanical stimulation and to excessive loading of the remaining teeth. The study utilizes a geometric model of the mandible, taking into account different chewing conditions before and after tooth extraction, as well as numerical simulations to assess changes in bone density. The results show significant changes in stress and bone density in the region of the extracted tooth, including an increase in the density of cortical and cancellous bone, confirming hypotheses regarding adaptive mechanisms. Understanding these processes is crucial for dental practice, enabling doctors to better plan therapy after tooth extractions and to avoid complications associated with tooth loss.