Klęska żywiołowa : trzęsienia ziemi

Earthquakes belong to the most dangerous and destructive calamities. The earthquake is a sudden dislocation in the earth’s crust or in its inside, accompanied by breaking the environment continuity and by creating seismic waves. Due to the genesis, there are differentiated the following earthquakes: tectonic, volcanic and by rock falls. Due to the depth, however, we can distinguish shallow, medium deep and deep earthquakes. In the article, seismic scales (scheme approach) have been presented, There have been discussed destruction of buildings, forces taking part in emergency actions and the order to carry out emergency works including: conducting reconnaissance; extracting casualties from under falls and rescuing people from partly destroyed and burning buildings; arranging passes across falls; locating and removing disorders in municipal and electricity networks; demolishing or strengthening damaged constructions; establishing check points for the injured and medical stations; arranging points of water supply. The number of earthquakes is estimated to about one million a year, a hundred thousand of which are registered by seismic stations.