Sustainable rice production: a case study on performance evaluation of a seeder

Global rice production is confronting issues such as climate change and the scarcity of resource availability whilst the world's population continues to increase. The issues and opportunities for sustainable increase of rice production differ from one rice ecosystem to another due to degrees of intensification, crop management operations, and differences in environmental and socio-economic conditions. The existing, improved and promising technologies can employee to boost farmers' production and to increase their incomes, while ensuring sustainable rice production. By employing improved production methods can restore homeostatic mechanisms conductive to community stability, optimize the rate of turnover, ensure an efficient energy flow, and encourage local production of food items adapted to the natural and socioeconomic settings. This can reduce costs whilst increasing the efficiency and economic viability of small and medium-sized farms by promoting a diverse, potentially resilient agricultural system. This manuscript illustrates a case study of technological improvement introduced for manual rice seeder used for line hill seeding. Also, it provides a comparison between performance of manual broadcasting and improved manual conical rice hill seeder.