Deformations and decrease of load-carrying capacity of welded structures due to residual welding stresses

Residual deflection due to restrained shrinkage of longitudinal welds is calculated in the case of an asymmetric I-section crane runway girder. The residual welding compression stresses decrease the load-carrying capacity of a welded I-section compression strut in a significant measure. The effective width of a welded stiffened plate should be calculated considering residual welding stresses. The fatigue strength of welded joints is influenced by residual welding stresses significantly. These effects are illustrated by numerical examples.