Laser beam interactions with metal matrix AlSi alloy/SiCp composites

Purpose: The purpose of the research discussed in this paper was to identify the physical processes that take place when a focused laser beam acts on a metal matrix composites reinforced with silicon carbide particles (AlSi alloy/SiCp). Design/methodology/approach: Based on theoretical models, an analysis was carried out of the interaction between a focused laser beam and the individual components of an AlSi alloy/SiCp composite material: the reinforcement particles, SiC, and the AlSi-alloy metal matrix. Assuming effective parameters of the composite material, the energy necessary to melt a unit thickness of the composite was determined according to basic principles. Findings: It has been shown that the time during which the melting point of the composites' individual components is achieved varies. Modelling based on the energy and mass conservation law provides for the necessary laser beam energy to melt a unit thickness of a composite. Research limitations/implications: In the case of cutting of a composite, however, some effects connected with the thermal field fluctuation occur, which are not explained in the model. A striated structure appears on the composite edges cut with a laser. Practical implications: The research results enable optimization of laser machining parameters, such as laser radiation intensity or the laser beam operation time. This allows reducing the thermal overload that appears in the case of too high density of the laser energy. Originality/value: Application of thermophysical and optical parameters of composite's individual components yields more information about the processes that take place when scanning the metal matrix composite surface with a high intensity laser beam.