A mass flow analysis of packed-bed combustion systems in the context of three-step model - a new system theory. Part I.

This paper presents a theoretical analysis of a new system theory - the three-step model - for packed bed combustion system (PBCS), such as grate combustion technologies. Some new concepts are deduced in the context of the three-step model, for example the conversion gas, the conversion efficiency, the air factor of the conversion system, and the combustion efficiency. Equations are developed for the determination of conversion and combustion efficiency, which are key parameters for the optimisation of PBCSs. These key parameters can be used as design and diagnostic tools for control and reduction of emissions and improving thermal efficiencies of PBCSs. However, to quantify these key parameters measurements need to be carried out on the specific PBCS of interest.