CHARAKTERISTIKA “BARBARSKÝCH” STÁTŮ (PŘÍSPĚVEK K METODOLOGII DĚJIN)

An ancient state can be characterized as a religious, political and legal unit, regardless of whether it is a state of the so-called ancient oriental type or the ancient states of Greeks and Romans. The barbarian Germanic states do not necessarily form a religious and legal unity. In this paper we want to describe the so called barbarian state like a type. We discuss it´s mostly polyethnical structure, the kingship and its supports (support in sacrality, in retinue, war, relations with the Roman Empire, in legislation, tradition, genealogy of the king families, ceremony of investiture and in the church). Then we discuss the bearers of statehood of these states and their specific legal situations. The barbarian Germanic states are compared with the so called empire of Attila. The Attila’s “empire” can be considered as a “barbarian state“ with certain features of the sacred kingship and absolute might of the so-called ancient oriental type.