Les noms propres et les normes de traduction. Sur l’exemple des noms de juridictions civiles françaises et polonaises traduits par les candidats à la profession de traducteur assermenté

The aim of this article is to analyze how the names of civil courts are treated in the examination tests for sworn translator candidates in Poland. The analysis is an attempt to distinguish useful norms for the evaluation of the translations performed during the tests. These norms could also be helpful as didactic support for future translators. Official benchmarks for the evaluation of the exams are presented only in a ministerial order, i.e. in a document which, by nature, remains very general. The only objective way do identify the actual criteria applied by the examination boards is to analyze the results of their evaluation of the examination papers. The analysis of about sixty examination papers for the French-Polish language pair shows that implicit norms for the translation of French and Polish names of civil courts are often less stringent than those explicitly set out in the published benchmarks for translators. But sometimes, the evaluation board does not accept solutions which comply with the norms of the Code of Sworn Translator (the main manual for translators), or the same solution is evaluated differently by the board members. These inconsistencies could be eliminated by entrusting the correction of each paper to two evaluators and forcing them to consult on the evaluation mode before correcting. The analysis of the results of the evaluation does not allow setting norms that could be used in the guides for the candidates to the profession of a sworn translator, because the evaluation system is deficient. Our analysis confirms the assumptions of the authors who, on the basis of available data, but without access to corrected examination papers, expressed doubts as to the correctness of the examination. Their assumptions concerning, among others, the development and publication of information on the translation strategy (strategies) expected by the examination boards and on the details of the scoring system, remain known.