Prestrukturlizm i antydarwinizm

The article exposes correlations between early 20th century anti-Darwinian theories of biological evolution and Russian modernist literary studies discourse of the “Russian formalists” and the disciples of Nikolai Marr’s school of “paleontological semantics”. The proposed overview of concepts of literary evolution demonstrates that Prestructuralism was embedded in debates over fundamental epistemological and ontological questions posed in Lebensphilosophie, theoretical biology and in socio-ideological discourse of post-revolutionary Russia. AntiDarwinist orientation of literary critics proves that the “anti-Positivist turn” did not entail exclusion of relations between biology and literary studies but their redefinition according to the new self-knowledge of humanities and modern self-awareness of natural sciences.