Roman Military Tile-stamps from the Southern Part of the Crimean Peninsula. Organization and Production Places

Four military (Balaklava, Charax, Chersonesos and Kazackaya Hill) and two civilian sites (Alma Kermen and Farmhouse No. 227) in the southern part of the Crimean Peninsula yielded about 300 Latin tile-stamps that comprise sixteen types and more than twenty dies. All the material is dated to the second and early third centuries A.D. The paper proposes a new reading of some stamps and dicusses problems of organization and places of military production. Since no tile-kilns have yet been found, all the observations are based on the results of laboratory analyses made in the Free University at Berlin. On the evidence of 18 samples, including two of raw clay, seven groups or workshops have been distinguished.