'Z TEPLEHO HNIEZDA' (FROM THE NEST LIKE HOME) TO THE REASONS OF KUKUCIN´S MELANCHOLY ('Z tepleho hniezda'. K zdrojom Kukucinovej melancholie)

The paper analyses three Martin Kukucin´s fictions, in which he repetitively deals with an autobiographic element - the same epic situation of child's departure from home, 'the nest like place'. They are: Z tepleho hniezda (From the Nest like Home, 1885), Velkou lyzicou (With a Big Ladle; 1886) and Do skoly (To School; 1893). In the cultural consciousness they are known rather as works of the literature for children. But the mentioned motif belongs to the constant motifs in the M. Kukucin´s works. It is connected with melancholy. Kukucin repetitively comes back to what is traditional, archaic and constant. He painfully perceives fatal changes and the flux of time. His come back to the epic situation of child's departure from home, or to a motif of pushing him out of 'the nest like place', which is typical for his autobiographic fictions, cannot be interpreted as dealing with his personal traumatic experience. It cannot be interpreted as the consequence of unhappy family decisions, because it concerns archetypal situation, 'throwing or dismissing from home to the cold world' from the family nest, intimate family shelter, which in Kukucin´s fictions is depicted through pictures of a family house, or metaphorically through the pictures of 'the nest like place'. This literary feature is described also in the work The Poetics of Space by Gaston Bachelard. Melancholy presented in the analyzed Martin Kukucin´s fictions is connected with the consciousness of fatality which comes from the time flux. It is connected with loss of childhood representing the only period of human's life, which is not complicated and all the things of life are defined with clear connection.