TRANSLATION STRATEGIES IN THE RENDERING OF CULTURAL ISSUES FROM WISLAWA SZYMBORSKAS POEMS (Strategie translatorskie w przekladzie problemów kulturowych z wierszy Wislawy Szymborskiej)

Translations of Wislawa Szymborska's poems analysed by the authoress call for the necessity of mitigation of Teresa Baluk-Ulewiczowa's categorical view that cultural issues are totally untranslatable. References to Polish culture, history and tradition may prove to be 'difficult to translate' or 'partially translatable', thus they cannot be referred to as 'absolutely untranslatable' since the translator has a number of various methods at his/her disposal to manage the ignorance of the target receivers. Stanislaw Baranczak and Clare Cavanagh usually resort only to domesticating which is sometimes a fruitful approach, however in most cases it partially or totally omits the original meanings and their 'Polishness'. It seems that the best recipe is the adjustment of translation strategy to the original text and the unavoidance of foreignizing method as in some translations by Adam Czerniawski, Joanna Trzeciak, Magnus J. Krynski and Robert A. Maguire.