O dílčích typech filosoficko-antropologického pojetí člověka a křižovatkách antropologického myšlení

The author defines three basic approaches to the conception of man which appear in the history of Western thought: essential, existential and interpretative. In the context of each approach she points to particular types of reflection of the human. Essentialism takes the form of either the kind that connects the common generic basis of man with reason (theoretical and practical), or the kind that connects the basis of humanity with the senses (observational and object-practical) and thus with naturalness. In the context of the existential approach the particular conceptions are viewed from the outlook of the principle What or who is the aim of going beyond the self, in which the basis of the individual is realised. Special attention is given to the particular types of the interpretative approach, including in general the hermeneutical, post-structuralist and post-modernist conceptions. The author presents a detailed analysis of the reflections on man in selected post-structuralist conceptions.