HIEROPHANIES OF THE TIME IN THE SOVIET CHRONOTOP (Ierofanii chasu v radyanskomy chronotopi)

Being based upon the principles of N. Berdiaev's, S. Bulgakov's and others' philosophical criticism of Marxism, the authoress attempts to reveal religious features of the Soviet ideology. The concept of hierophany serves as the starting point of the research of the time component of the Soviet chronotop. The phenomenon of hierophany is considered in two aspects. Firstly, according to M. Eliade's conclusions, it is analyzed as the eruption of the sacred, religious things in the profane ones. Secondly, this phenomenon is researched in the hesychasm context as the display of the certain energy. The authoress stresses that it is precisely this energy that makes possible the existence of different cultural artifacts, including ideological ones. The main matter of omission within the Soviet culture is shown as the sphere of borrowing and distorting of Christian senses and exploiting their energy in a parasitical way. This thesis is developed by means of referring to different characteristic terms of the reviewed period, such as 'history / prehistory', 'new era', as well as by description of such manifestations as the cult of 'the bright future', de-sacralized holidays, the Soviet variant of chiliasm, etc. Besides, the authoress speaks of the chronotop evolution under the influence of cultural artifacts alternative to the ideology.