ISLAMIC VISION OF THE WORLD

The aim of the article is to draw attention to a frequent mistake made by western religious experts and civilization researches who are inclined to treat Islam in the same way as while analyzing any other religion, i. e. as a specific sphere of human life which is their sacrum of contacts with God. The author of the article proves that Islam is first of all a complete social system and its religious aspect plays an auxiliary role. The Islamic vision of the world is not a function of human relations with God's transcendence, as it happens in case of Christianity, but has a ummatic dimension, i. e. makes man's will limits dependent on the will of the whole Muslim community. An individual is not limited by the dimensions of a human being with their personal soul and individual ethics constitutes an immanent part of the whole society. So human freedom is obviously limited by the social interest and every human activity is assessed and punished from this point of view. The result of the ummatic vision of the world is a specific definition of human rights in Islam which was formally reflected in the so called Cairo Declaration of Human Rights in Islam (1991) being a former answer to the UN Declaration of Human Rights. The author's analysis is textual and refers to the most important statements made in the Cairo Declaration.