SVEDOMIE AKO „INÉ V TOM ISTOM“. RICŒUR, LEVINAS: DVE ODLIŠNÉ NEEPISTEMOLOGICKÉ PERSPEKTÍVY

The essay compares Ricour's and Levinas's conceptions of the constitution of conscience in the sense of German Gewissen. Beginning with Ricour's basic distinction between 'identity-idem' and 'identity-ipse' it shows the proper place of conscience in his conception. For Ricour conscience is a finite category of otherness as related to the self, i.e. its most interior, intrinsic otherness. For Levinas, on the other hand, conscience - the other in the same - is an initiatory category, which is described in terms of absolute passivity, persecution and substitution. In conclusion Ricour´s critique of Levinas' category of 'the Other' is examined on the background of Levinas' conception of subjectivity as a vocation for Good.