Effects of feeding Clostera anachoreta on hydrogen peroxide accumulation and activities of peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase in Populus simonii x P. pyramidalis 'Opera 8277' leaves

In response to Clostera anachoreta larvae attack, poplar (Populus simonii × P. pyramidalis ‘Opera 8277’) leaves produced a high level of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Histochemical localization revealed that H₂O₂ was mainly localized in herbivore-wounded zones and might spread through the veins. The activities of three H₂O₂- scavenging enzymes, i.e., peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT), were also enhanced in herbivore-wounded leaves, and exhibited an opposite pattern to the accumulation of H₂O₂. It was found that diphenylene iodonium chloride (DPI, a special inhibitor of NADPH oxidase) treatment significantly inhibited the accumulation of H₂O₂ induced by herbivory damage. Moreover, DPI treatment led to an obvious decrease in the activities of POD, APX, and CAT. The results indicated that NADPH oxidase contributed to the accumulation of H₂O₂ and the increase in activities of H₂O₂-scavenging enzymes in poplar leaves induced by herbivory damage. The balance between H₂O₂-production pathway and H₂O₂-scavenging enzymes led to the tolerable level of H₂O₂ acting in P. simonii × P. pyramidalis ‘Opera 8277’ cuttings in response to herbivory damage.

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