Factors differentiating and determining the level of results in the race walking of women of high qualification

The objective of the reported study was a trial of selecting factors that differentiate and, simultaneously, determine a sports level of women specializing in race walking. The study covered 35 one-year training macrocycles. The material collected was divided into three blocks. The study was conducted with the method of recording, gathering and analysis of training loads worked out at the Department of the Theory of Sports, Academy of Physical Education in Warsaw. Use was also made of the classification of training means groups for the event of race walking elaborated by Krzysztof Perkowski, with own modification. Differences in training loads between three groups of sportswomen were evaluated with the use of a one-way analysis of variance (a parametric test ANOVA), and the Kruskal-Wallis test (a non-parametric test). Once the result was significant (p<0.05), the differences between groups were evaluated with the Tukey (RIR) test (for parametric tests) or with the multiple comparison test (for the Kruskal-Wallis test). Loads that significantly differentiated the training of sportswomen at various levels of advancement turned out to be efforts realized in the fourth area of energetic transformations (T₄), directed loads (D) as well as versatile loads realized in the fourth area of intensity (V₄). The achievement of high scores is facilitated by reduction of those loads and by increasing the special loads realized in the fourth area of energetic transformations (S₃), the effect of which appeared to be statistically significant. Another factor differentiating the levels of sports advancement turned out be the special loads realized in the fifth area of intensity (S₅).