Zmiany zachodzące współcześnie w brioflorze miast – na przykładzie parków Wrocławia (obserwacje z lat 2000, 2006 i 2011)

Floristic and ecological data was collected three times (in 2000, 2006 and 2011) in fifteen urban parks in Wrocław. Results were compared to determine whether bryophytes can survive in urban environments, or whether they die off because of the constant pressure of urbanization. Other questions examined include whether bryophytes remain in the same habitats, or whether they change their spatial distribution; and whether new species appear, and what is their ecology? During the eleven year study period, there were only minor fluctuations in the number of bryophytic species present, with 64 species detected in 2000, 69 species in 2006, and 65 species in 2011. There were notable changes in species composition. The average level of species exchange was 27%, but was 48% in parks in the center of the city. During the study period, 13 new species were found that had not been found in 2000. They were mainly epiphytes. Species that were found throughout the study period showed distinct dynamic trends: no noticeable changes in the number of parks on which the species was found, or in the number of notes; translocation among the various parks with no tendency to colonize; disappearance of the species; and spreading, both within the individual parks and within the whole city.