Description of pupal instars of Kermes quercus (LINNAEUS, 1758) (Hemiptera: Kermesidae)

The third instar male (prepupa) and fourth instar male (pupa) of Kermes quercus are described and illustrated, with the differences between them being indicated. The prepupa has a broadly oval, membranous body, with indistinct segmentation, 9-segmented antennae, 3-segmented legs, anterior wing-buds extending to about the base of the metathoracic legs, and a broadly rounded medial penial lobe. The pupa has an elongate oval body, with more distinct segmentation and more strongly developed appendages: 10-segmented antennae, 5-segmented legs, wing-buds extending laterally past the coxa of the metathoracic legs, and a long, triangular penial lobe.