Copper phytoextraction with willow (Salix viminalis L.) under various Ca/Mg ratios. Part 1. Copper accumulation and plant morphology changes

This work reports a part of hydroponic experiment results concerning changes in Salix viminalis L. cv. ‘Cannabina’ morphology and physiology under stress conditions with different copper concentration levels and verifies our earlier results about the role of different Ca/Mg ratios in trace elements’ accumulation efficiency. In this part, we present the copper accumulation and changes in willow biomass. Concentration of copper in roots, rods, shoots and leaves was analyzed with flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Selected indices characterizing copper accumulation and plant biomass structure were calculated to estimate the potential of willow to remove metal from polluted solution. Our results indicate a general increase of copper accumulation by selected willow organs with increase of copper concentration in modified Knop’s medium. Moreover, significant differences in copper phytoextraction between plants under different Ca/Mg ratios were affirmed (1:10[4:1[20:1[1:1/4).

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