Metody rozpoznawania zaburzen plci na przykladzie obojnactwa u psa

The aim of this study was to show different methods for the recognition of abnormalities in the determination of fenotypical, gonadal and chromosomal sex such as hermaphroditism in dogs. The subject of examination was a 9-month-old Yorkshire terrier with clinical signs of hermaphroditism. Clinical examination led to a definition of fenotypical sex and coexisting dysgenesis (perineal hypospadias). Clinical examination appeared insufficient for recognition of the type of hermaphroditism, additional tests needed to be conducted to reach the full diagnosis. Ultrasonographic examination, hormonal profile, diagnostic laparotomy, as well as a histopathological examination, were performed in order to define the gonadal sex. Chromosomal sex was defined on the basis of karyotyping.