Soils of the Zielona Gora urban forest parks as an example of anthropogenic transformations of natural forest soils

The majority of podzolic soils among the soils of forest-ecosystems is characteristic of the immediate surroundings of the city of Zielona Góra. In the smaller areas, rust and brown soils are evident, and in the low-lying enclaves also mursh and black earth. Changes in use (the area is more heavily used than before) and in the tree stand (the mechanical works and the litter character changes) as well as the changes in the surroundings of the forest-park complexes affects many changes in the soils. Changes are observed in the soil profile - in the direction of forest-cul- turozems forming and in the soil chemism (increase of the pH value of the soils top layer, increase of the heavy metal content). Field researches show soil profile displacements in many places. This is due to tree felling and roads, alleys atl. building intern the park complex, very often using hard materials (rubble, slag, breakstone a.s.o.). As the areas described are located near housing estates, the surface of the soils is enriched with different waste materials. Soil samples show differences (in comparison with natural soils) in pH value, mechanical composition of the profile layers, organic matter content and enrichment of the heavy metal content.