Obudowa kotwowa w projektowanej kopalni węgla kamiennego. Informacje ogólne i założenia

W artykule przedstawiono założenia i prace przygotowawcze Prairie Mining dla projektu Kopalni „Jan Karski”. Zaprezentowano także elementy doświadczeń Kopalni „Bogdanka” w zakresie stosowania samodzielnej obudowy kotwowej dla oceny możliwości zastosowania tej obudowy w tym projekcie. Przeprowadzono także analizę warunków górniczo-geologicznych w LZW w kontekście ich porównania z warunkami występującymi w kopalniach British Coal, w których stosowano samodzielną obudowę kotwową. W artykule omówiono ponadto podstawowe wymogi, w tym prawne, dla skutecznego zastosowania obudowy kotwowej, zalety i wady tej technologii oraz przeanalizowano przyczyny ograniczonego wykorzystania kotew w górnictwie polskim.

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In 2012, Prairie Mining began a number of drillings in the Lublin Coal Basin in order to gather data to estimate the possibility of building a modern hard coal mine adjacent to the Bogdanka Coal Mine. The obtained data enabled the preparation of geological documentation of the "Lublin" deposit and its adaptation to the JORC code requirements. On this basis, a scoping study was developed, followed by a pre-feasibility study, which both assessed the construction of a new mine in the Lublin Coal Basin to be highly profitable. In 2016, the company drew up a deposit development plan for the designed Jan Karski mine. Before the plan was drawn up, the investment concept had been developed in cooperation with Golder Associates and Royal Haskoning, and the mining and geological conditions in British Coal mines and the Bogdanka Coal Mine had been analysed in order to make sure the use of independent rock bolting would be suitable in the Lublin Coal Basin. It was found that the mining and geological conditions in the Lublin Coal Basin do not generally differ from the conditions in British Coal mines, and the values of geomechanical parameters of rocks meet the requirements of the regulations concerning the use of independent rock bolting. However, the use of rock bolting requires the evaluation of the direction of primary stresses in the Lublin Coal Basin and the proper position of longwalls relative to these stresses, including the use of support pillars between longwalls. The attempts to construct excavations with independent rock bolting, which were carried out in the Bogdanka Coal Mine between 1994-1997, confirm the indicated conclusions and observations. Using the available publications about the Bogdanka Coal Mine and Golder Associates experience, the size of support pillars was calculated and the basic requirements for safe implementation of the extraction process using longwall roadways supported by independent rock bolting in the Lublin Coal Basin were estimated. In this respect, the construction of the Jan Karski mine is highly profitable and justifiable from the point of view of business.