The key role of modern aerodynamic trends in increasing the energy efficiency of high-speed vehicles

Based on the analysis of typical operating modes of modern high-speed trains and transport aircraft, the influence of various schemes of surface relief modification and blowing through it on aerodynamic drag has been thoroughly investigated. A set of several schemes of the combined effect of these two factors is proposed to create an easy-to-use, cheap-to-produce streamlined surface of the desired structure with a reliable and controllable effect of active influence on aerodynamic drag reduction. The potential effect of reducing aerodynamic drag has been verified by numerical and Particle Image Velocimetry experimental modeling. The proposed technological innovations are encouraging and relevant; by reducing energy costs, they increase the commercial and environmental attractiveness of their implementation.