Satellite navigation systems applications, the main utilization limits for maritime users

Nowadays (October 2013) information about ship’s position is obtained generally from specialized electronic positioning systems, in particular, at present functionally satellite navigation systems (SNS) as GPS and GLONASS, and satellite based augmentation systems (SBAS) as EGNOS, WAAS and MSAS. Two next SNS, Galileo and BeiDou, and two next SBAS, GAGAN and SDCM, are under construction. After all the user of these systems, the maritime user also, continually meets and will meet with numerous different limitations of SNS coverage in restricted area, SBAS and DGPS reference stations coverage area, the lack of integrity information about the systems, and of many charts referred to WGS–84 datum, with problem of position fix in restricted area, etc.