Ekologiczne, technologiczne i prawne aspekty rekultywacji gruntów zanieczyszczonych produktami ropy naftowej

The effect was discussed of oil products on soil properties taking into account: I) increase in organic substance, 2) exchange of air at the soil/atmosphere interface, 3) oxygen demand, 4) distortion of the proportions between organic carbon and nitrogen and phosphorus, 5) composition and biological activity of microflora and 6) reaction of the environment. Most important conditions and methods were presented for treatment of oily grounds using biodegradation, i.e. I) presence and growth of microorganisms degrading oil products; 2) optimising nutrient content; 3) optimising oxygen and water conditions; 40 optimising reaction of the environment and 5) optimising temperature. Legal basis for reclamation of land contaminated by oil products was given. Special attention was devoted to the evaluation of ecological losses due to emergency oil spills as well as to planning and assessment of cost of oily ground treatment.