Próby stabilizacji pokoju i bezpieczeństwa na świecie za pomocą międzynarodowego sądownictwa karnego. Cz. 1

The author touches on problems of international penal jurisdiction treated as a tool to stabilise peace and security in the world. In a historical perspective he analyses international community efforts to call judiciary bodies in order to chase and penalise criminals charged for the heaviest violation of international humanitarian laws. The starting point of his considerations on international penalty jurisdiction is the case of Napoleon Bonaparte who was exiled for life in St. Helen’s Island for conducting invasions and wars and violating the Old Continent order established by European monarchs. The project of the first international crime tribunal drawn up by one of the International Red Cross Committee, Gustav Moynier has been presented. Then the case of German Emperor Wilhelm Hohenzollern, chased by the allies for starting World War 1 and war crimes committed by German troops, has been analysed. There also have been mentioned the attempts to call an international tribunal to judge terrorist crimes under the League of Nation authority in the 30s of the 20th century and the attempts to call permanent international judiciary under the UN auspices during the Cold War and summoning two crime tribunal for Yugoslavia and Rwanda basing on the Security Council resolutions. The article is concluded with information on signing the Rome Statute in 1998, an international agreement setting up Permanent International Crime Tribunal to start functioning in 2003.