Flows in a circular cylinder heated from rotating bottom

Problem statements are fluid flows contained in a circular cylinder with a bottom disk that is rotating and supplies heat energy into the inside of the vessel at a constant temperature. The present flow configuration shows a typical flow model due to both the rotation of solid wall and buoyant force of a hot disk. Main focus lies on the flow patterns in the meridional plane and heat transfer rate throught the walls including the end disks. In this flow, the principal balance in the interior region is characterized by the relationship between the radial temperature gradient and the vertical shear in the azimuthal velocity. As the temperature at the bottom increases, larger portions of the meridional fluid transport are long-circuit from the bottom disk to the interior region via the cylindrical wall.