Room-temperature ferromagnetism in Fe-doped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 crystals

Fe-doped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 crystals were synthesized and studied by X-ray diffraction, X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and magnetic property measurement system. Room-temperature ferromagnetism was observed in Fe-doped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 crystals. It was found that the magnetism of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3crystals can be controlled by the Fe dopant concentration. The magnetism of the Fe-doped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 crystals develops from diamagnetism to ferromagnetism and paramagnetism on increasing the Fe doping concentration from 0 to 10 mol %. The results presented in this study may provide new insights to the problem of synthesizing more single-phase multiferroic materials which will hopefully lead to rich and fascinating fundamental physics.