Close to reality methods for the structural design of towers. The basics of the relevant standards for industrial chimneys

Numerous large concrete chimneys were built in many different countries in the seventies and eighties last century. Unfortunately, the professional scene had to realize that those structures were very different in their forms, wall thicknesses and reinforcements. In addition to this many of them had been impaired by wide vertical through cracks decreasing their durability and wind bearing capacity. Both findings revealed dissatisfying situation that the existing chimney standards were mostly over safe and in some cases unsafe. Due to this, efforts were undertaken to develop modern, close to reality methods for the structural design of chimneys. These new design methods became popular and as such entered the most relevant European standards on chimneys.