Metals bioavailability in solis contaminated from lead-zinc and smelting in the Kabwe area (Zambia)

Soils in the Kabwe area, Central Province Zambia were highly polluted by emissions from a lead-zinc smelter. The smelter was closed in 1994. At present, main source of dusty fallout are large slag disposal site and old tailings after chemical leaching of ores. Area contaminated by cadmium, lead and zinc is larger than 200 km2. Contents of Cd reach up to 162 ppm, Pb up to 40 692 ppm and Zn up to 67 886 ppm. Amount of gastric-available metals expressed in percent of total metal available in soils increases in the range: Fe (3 %)- Cu (45 %) -Zn (58 %) -Pb (82 %) -Cd (100 %). Therefore lead and cadmium are easily absorbed in human stomach. Amount of metals available to plants metabolism expressed in percent of total metal in soils is increasing in sequence: Fe (0,6 %) -Cu (17,6 %) -Zn (21,2 %) -Pb (33,8 %) -Cd (62 %).

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Pudy v oblasti mesta Kabwe v Centralni provincii Zambie jsou silne kontaminovany emisemi z mistni olovene a zinkove hute, ktera ukonćila ćinnost v roce 1994. V soucasne dobe jsou zdrojem praśneho spadu rozsahla uloziśte strusek a odpadu po ehcmickem louźeni rud. Było zjisteno, że plośny rozsah kontaminovane pudy kadmiem, olovem a zinkem pfesahuje 200 km2. Obsahy kadmia dosahuji aź 162 ppm, olova 40 692 ppm a /mku 67 886 ppm. Mnozstvi gastricky pfistupnych kovu vyjadfene v procentech celkoveho I mnozstvi kovu v pudach stoupa v poradi: Fe (3 %) -Cu (45 %) -Zn (58 %) -Pb (82 %) -Cd (100 %). Znamena to, ze olovo i kadmium jsou velmi snadno vstfebavany żaludećni, sliznici. Mnozstvi kovu pfistupnych pro metabolismus rostlin vyjadfene v procentech celkoveho mnozstvi stoupa v rade Fe (0,6 %) -Cu (17,6 %) -Zn (21,2 %) -Pb (33,8 %).