Modeling of the bus superstructure in order to confirm requirements of 66 ECE Regulation

In the paper chosen questions relating to the large passenger vehicles loss of motion stability are introduced. An attention to following hazard from the passive safety point of view is paid. A valid regulation concerning the approval of large passenger vehicles with regard to the strength of their superstructure, as well as the ECE Regulation 66 basic requirements are presented. A shape and dimensions of minimum residual space for driver as well as transported passengers are given. The most often applied methods of strength test according to the ECE Regulation 66 are given - a roll-over test on a complete vehicle and on its representative body section. A procedure of roll-over test on a complete bus is described, as well as its indispensable modifications in reference to numerical simulation. The basic dependences describing initial conditions of numerical simulation are given. In the paper the differences between results of two alternative methods are estimated. The description of bus discrete model is introduced, as well as chosen segment of its superstructure. The type of elements, materials and loading conditions of construction applied to numerical simulations are described. The chosen results of numeric simulations are presented - the maximum deformations of superstructures of studied objects, and reduced stress in construction. The comparisons of results for complete bus and segment of its construction are executed.

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W pracy oszacowano różnice w wynikach otrzymywanych dwoma alternatywnymi metodami. Przedstawiono opis modelu dyskretnego autobusu, jak również wybranego segmentu jego struktury nośnej. Opisano przyjęte do obliczeń elementy, materiały oraz warunki obciążenia konstrukcji. Zamieszczono wybrane rezultaty symulacji numerycznych – maksymalne deformacje struktur nośnych badanych obiektów, a także występująece w nich naprężenia. Dokonano porównania wyników dla kompletnego autobusu oraz segmentu konstrukcji.