Injection characteristics of an in-line fuel injection system using the alternative fuels

The ever increasing ecological requirements encourage the use of alternative fuels. Some alternative fuels have advantages in production, some in transport and some in excellent injection as well as engine characteristics. Till today several alternative fuels for compression ignition engines have been investigated. This paper deals with the bio-diesel and with the wasted cooking oil. Biodiesel is produced from different plants (rape, Canola, Soya beans, palm tree...), while the wasted cooking oil is received from the catering industry. In this paper attention is focused on the fuel injection as well as fuel spray characteristics using diesel, bio-diesel and wasted cooking oil. The analysis of the fuel injection characteristics is obtained using the one-dimensional mathematical model for numerical simulation of injection process. In this model the influence of the snubber valve, the cavitation phenomena as well as variable fuel properties are taken into account. The influence of alternative fuels on spray characteristics is investigated using some empirical models. Furthermore, a computational fluid dynamics package is used for some analyses of the nozzle flow characteristics. Finally, on the basis of the numerically and experimentally obtained results, the harmful emissions using alternative fuels are predicted to some extent.