Katalityczne utlenianie sadzy ze spalin z silników Diesla

Catalytic cleaning of exhaust gas Otto engines is the well known technique, commonly used, particularly in the environment concerned countries. In the half of the eighties, successful implementation of three-way converters (TWC) generated a demand for catalysts for Diesel engines, to meet the increasing requirements of standards for gas emission from moto vehicles. In those days the problem of reduction of emission of particulates from Diesel engines seemed to be easy for solution by filtration and periodical regeneration of the filters or filter-catalysts. However, the problem turned out to be surprisingly sophisticated. On the other hand, industry offered a new generation Diesel engines which met requirements of the then American (1991, 1994) and European (Euro I - 1993) standards. One may have expected that further development would continue in the same way. Once more the expectations failed. In 1998, the standards accepted by the European Community Countries for 1999/2000 and those expected for 2005/2008 leave no illusions about the need for application of Diesel gas converters in the future. The study is a review of the latest development in the field of conversion of Diesel exhaust gas in the context of the currently valid and future legal regulations. However, only catalytic aspects are discussed. The solutions presented comprise combustion of particulates in monolithic flow-through oxidation catalysts and in Diesel particulate filters (DPF) equipped with a catalytic oxidizing coatings, or with injection of easy flammable organic substances before the filter, or with catalytic metal-organic fuel additives. Chemical composition and dynamics of Diesel soot formation are described. Moreover, impact of Diesel particulates on human health is outlined.