Związki metaloorganiczne w syntezie fosfonianów

Phosphonates constitute a class of compounds with variety of applications in organic synthesis (as reagents in the orner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction), medicine (biologically active compounds) or industry (as e.g. water softeners) [1, 2]. Therefore, the original synthetic methods were developed in order to obtain phosphonates possessing vast and desired properties [3]. This work focuses on the methods employing metalloorganic compounds to a new C-P bond formation. This approach is achieved in most cases by substitution at a trigonal phosphorus atom. The reactions are characterized by high yields and lack of side-products what facilitates the isolation and purification of the target compounds. These benefits are provided mainly by application of lithium and magnesium derivatives. The other method involves modification of a ready molecule skeleton. The procedures utilizing a new C-C or C-halide bond formation are commonly used. Suitable for these synthetic routes are such soft nucleophiles as copper- zinc- and cadmium-organic compounds. Additionally, examples of an application of mercury-, lead- and aluminiumorganic reagents to the synthesis of other organic phosphorus compounds are discussed. Although their use is rather marginal, they appeared to be crucial for specific and original syntheses.