The use of moisture-responsive materials in 4D printing

Purpose: The objective of this research paper is to compile a list of key moisture-sensitive smart materials used in 4D printing. These materials have applications in various fields, including industrial and medical, and the list can be used as a reference for creating 4D-printed sensors and actuators. Design/methodology/approach: The smart materials used in 4D printing are discussed, and a description of each material is given, including its principle, applications and areas of use. Findings: We have discovered a large number of different materials that are sensitive to moisture and have identified those that are most essential for use in 4D printing. Research limitations/implications: According to the results of this research, the moisture-sensitive materials used in 4D printing have very limited use and application, and the majority of these materials are still in the research and development stage. Originality/value: This review article provides researchers interested in using smart materials to exploit 4D printing in the industrial and medical fields, as well as in many other disciplines, with a means to identify the most widely used and prevalent moisture-sensitive materials.

---

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024).