Numerical analysis of soil–steel composite structure performance at ultimate load: impact of stiffening ribs and geotextile reinforcement

This study investigates soil–steel composite structures, emphasizing the role of stiffening ribs and geotextile reinforcement through comprehensive numerical modeling. This study presents a two-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) and compares the influence of stiffening rib and geotextile on the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil–steel composite structures. The results of this study demonstrate a significant enhancement in load capacity. Specifically, a notable 47% improvement was observed with a stiffening rib, and a 26% increase was noted with the use of a single layer of geotextile. Under peak load, the vertical displacement at the crown exceeds the permissible standard for all models except for one model, while bending moments reach their limits, marking a failure mode of composite system considered. Structures with stiffened ribs reach their load capacity due to the creation of a plastic hinge around the shoulder and haunch of the shell. On the other hand, in structures without stiffening ribs, the crown and haunch section of the shell becomes fully plastic under peak load. The maximum axial thrust is shown in geotextile-reinforced structure, reaching 78% of the shell maximum capacity due to compression. Eventually, stiffening rib substantially improves overall load-bearing capacity of the soil–steel composite structures, and geotextile placement in the upper part of the backfill reduces shell deflection due to bending.

---

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki (2025)