Model considering residual stiffness and stiffness discontinuity of bolted joints

The nonlinear dynamic behavior has an important impact on energy dissipation and vibra- tion damping characteristics of bolted joints. Firstly, the development of tangential dynamic models is summarized and analyzed. Secondly, a five-parameter Iwan model based on a trun- cated power-law distribution is proposed. The backbone and hysteresis curves are obtained. Thirdly, normalized and dimensionless analysis is performed. On the basis of the above, a more concise four-parameter Iwan model with stiffness continuity is proposed. Finally, the validity of the model is verified by comparing the energy dissipation vs excitation force amplitude curve with the experimental data.