Microplastics with Heavy Metals Pollution in Water Supply of Litopenaeus Vannamei Aquaculture in Probolinggo, Indonesia

The quality of the water supply for aquaculture determines the success of vanamei shrimp farming. The presence of heavy metals and microplastics in aquaculture waters are hazardous pollutants that pose a toxicological risk to aquatic organisms and the aquatic environment. The study aimed to determine the heavy metal content and abundance of microplastics in the water supply, as well as to determine the correlation between water quality factors with heavy metals and microplastics. Data collection was carried out through sampling at five locations determined based on close to Vannamei ponds and in the vicinity of settlements, tourism activities, and industrial activities criteria. The ICP-OES technique was used to measure heavy metal concentrations. NOAA standard techniques were used to identify and quantify the number of microplastics. One-way ANOVA and correlation tests were used for data analysis. The results of heavy metal measurements of Hg were 0.00001–0.0000133 mgL-1, Pb ranged from 0.015–0.06 mgL-1 and Cd ranged from 0.003–0.008 mgL-1. The abundance of fragment-type microplastics was dominant compared to other types of microplastics was 733.33 particles/m3. Variance testing for microplastic fragment types differed significantly (p<0.1) between sampling points. Heavy metal concentrations between sampling points are not statistically different (p>0.1) and the results of correlation analysis show temperature correlates with heavy metal Cd. Temperature (30–32°C), pH (7.5–7.6), dissolved oxygen (5.53–7.23 mgL-1), salinity (16.33–28.33 ppt), and total suspended solid (37–48.33 mgL-1) are the physicochemical parameters that measure and has not exceeded the established quality standards.