Machine Learning-Driven RUL Prediction and Uncertainty Quantification for Ball Screw Drives in a Cloud-Ready Maintenance Framework

In today's rapidly evolving industrial landscape, efficient predictive maintenance solutions are essential for minimizing downtime and enhancing productivity. This research introduces an adaptive cloud-based model pipeline for predicting the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of machine components, specifically ball screws. The pipeline integrates local pre-processing, edge computing, and cloud-based adaptive model training, ensuring data privacy and reducing data transmission volumes. The system classifies wear states using various machine learning models and predicts RUL through regression analysis, incorporating uncertainty quantification for robust maintenance scheduling. The experimental setup includes accelerated degradation of ball screws, with data collected via a three-dimensional accelerometer. Feature extraction and data augmentation techniques are employed to enhance prediction accuracy. Random Forest and Gradient Boosting models demonstrate superior performance, with Random Forest selected for its robustness and uncertainty quantification capabilities. Empirical results indicate high prediction accuracy, with Random Forest achieving up to 91% accuracy in Phase 2. This cloud-ready predictive maintenance framework leverages scalable cloud infrastructure for efficient data processing and real-time updates, offering a practical solution for industrial applications. The proposed approach significantly advances the adoption of digital business models within the manufacturing industry, providing a reliable and efficient tool for predictive maintenance.