Study of power and voltage maps of a tri-stable electromagnetic energy harvester connected to a step-up converter

Due to the specific operation and complex structure of the energy harvesting system, comprising a tri-stable nonlinear vibration energy harvester and a step-up converter, its performance can hardly be represented by a family of curves. For this reason, this paper presents its performance maps determined experimentally. Various converter parameters and loading resistances are used to assess the influence of excitation acceleration on output voltage and power. This study reveals that the system achieves a maximum power of 30.25 mW and a maximum output voltage of 5.32 V at an excitation acceleration of 10 m/s2 under optimal conditions. The analysis identifies operating regions restricted by the converter parameters where the system attains a minimum applicable voltage between 1.8 and 3.3 V alongside the acceptable output power. This makes it appropriate for powering wireless measurement systems and MEMS devices. The results reveal the need to adjust the converter settings to real-world scenarios adaptively.

---

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki (2025).