PSEUDO-ANTHIMOS, O SVATÉ CÍRKVI. SVĚDECTVÍ O POLEMICE MARKELLA Z ANKÝRY S EUSEBIÁNY?

The article deals with a short polemical treatise De sancta ecclesia (SE). It offers a translation of the whole treatise into Czech and an analysis of SE, especially of its second half, in which the teaching of the Arians and the Eusebians is rejected. In the prologue of SE, the one Catholic church is distinguishes from heresies. A catalogue of older heresies follows, in which the author of SE sees the origins of the wrong Arian and Eusebian opinions. In the second half of SE, several Arian and Eusebian expressions and statements are condemned. Each of the statements is linked with a statement of an older heretic. SE could hardly be written before the third quarter of the fourth century, because it mentions the dispute about the divinity of the Holy Spirit. The author of SE, at least in the present form, could not be Anthimus, as it is assumed in the manuscripts, because Anthimus was martyred in the Great Persecution under Diocletian. The author of SE was familiar with the dispute between Marcellus of Ancyra and the Eusebians in the thirties of the fourth century, but also with the way, how Athanasius of Alexandria argued against the Eusebians (especially in the third of his Orations Against the Arians). On the contrary, arguments based on the analysis of quotations from the Bible, often used by Marcellus, are almost completely¨missing from SE and in the quotes of the statements of the Eusebians expressions are found not used in the debate between Marcellus and the Eusebians and known from the treatises of Athanasius. Marcellus of Ancyra could be the author of SE (as it is assumed by the modern scholars) on the condition that in SE Marcellus accepted partly the ay, how Athanasius argued against the Eusebians, and that he resigned to his favoured argumentation from the Bible.